Ferrari

"Ferrari" (Ferrari), the Italian company specializing on release racing and elite аCars With 1989 is affiliated company of concern " ФИАТ ". The headquarters is in Маранелло.

The company (its(her) initial name was Auto Avio Costruzioni) has been based(founded,established) in 1939 well-known racer and the verifier аVтомобилей "Alpha-Ó«¼Ñ«" Энцо a Ferrari. Originally it(she) made the various equipment for аCars. Made by the company аCars were issued under mark "Alpha-Ó«¼Ñ«". With this company the Ferrari had a contract. The first аCar, carrying already actually a name "Ferrari" has appeared in 1946. It was model Ferrari 125, with the powerful 12-cylinder aluminium engine, called to realize dream of its(her) founder: to give ordinary road аVтомобилю properties racing without infringement of comfortableness. As the trade mark of firm Entso of a Ferrari has selected(elected) a skipping stallion on a yellow background.

By the end 1947 there were already two updatings of engine " Ferrari ", and its(his) working volume has grown at model 166 up to 1995 see In following year own command(team) "Ferrari" for the first time has won races Милле-Милья and Тарга-Флорио. 1949 has brought to a command(team) and new triumph in the same competitions, and hardly later a victory over race « 24 hours of Le Mans ».

In 1951 appears этапная model 340 America with the engine originally developed for Ferrari GT with working volume of 4,1 litres. In 1953 the same machine(car) is equipped with the engine in volume of 4,5 litres and receives a new name — 375 America. The same year "Ferrari" represents 250 Europa, with the three-liter engine.

In total to the beginning 1954 Энцо a Ferrari has let out(has released) about 200 machines(cars) in a is exclusive-road variant and 250 racing models. Creating road аVтомобили, a Ferrari addressed to the different design companies, doing(making) the models unlike against each other. But model 250 GT of 1954 has begun long-term and most fruitful cooperation with company " Пининфарина " which as well as possible has arranged the bodies to new короткобазным the chassis at which the leading back axis has been suspended on springs.

Already model 250 GT have let out(have released) not only as a compartment, but also a cabriolet, and appeared in 1959 250GT California, made to order, — the bright sample of open model 250 GT of sports type. In 1958 «Пининфарина» has created for model 250 GT of a body of specifically angular form: these(it) аVтомобили, equipped by the 12-cylinder engine, and externally made impression of huge power, ideally obedient to any desires of the owners.

Models 375 America and replaced it(her) in 1956 410 Super America (them it has been let out(it has been released) only 14) intended for "mighties of this world": their design cast sensation of force and confidence of.

With 1957 for 1962 was issued modified « a Ferrari 250 GT California » with rapaciously pointed structure and a demountable roof. This machine(car) has gained the first victory in races Tourist Trophy of 1960 on line Гудвуд.

"Ferrari" belong the most remembered machines(cars) of 60th years of our century: 250GT in 1960 has been transformed in фастбек 250GTE with a body «2+2», elegant and popular on the basis of which in 1964 has been created 330GT «2+2» with the four-liter motor and original "mowing" headlights. Unsurpassed has remained womanly-graceful, prompt(impetuous) Berlinetta Lusso 1962, accelerating momentum over 225 km/h. On change 330GT «2+2» in 1967 has come 365GT «2+2» with a self-balanced back suspension bracket and the amplifier of steering management. In 1971 it(her) more strict has replaced according to spirit of time 365GT4.

In 1966 firm has developed the new V-shaped engine originating racing motors: 12-cylinder, четырехкулачковый, with two camshafts in each head of cylinders, system of greasing with dry картером, the provided high twisting moment and the flexibility, had capacity(power) 300 h.p.

In 1968 "Ferraris" has let out(has released) legendary Daytona, or 365GTB/4, with a forward arrangement of the 4,4-liter V-shaped 12-cylinder engine, capacity(power) 352 h.p., developing superspeed — 282 km/h. This model externally constrained and functional, is the most high-speed in the world machine(car) and, certainly, its(her) advertising estimation as « the best in the world » is not too far from true.

In the beginning of 1970th years there was a model "Dino", named in honour of died son Kommendatore, with is central the located engine of manufacture ФИАТ—V-shaped 6-cylinder; the model was issued and in a 8-cylinder variant, but the 6-cylinder model is considered classical. One time "Dino" was actually separate mark. Car " Dino-206GТ " was issued since 1967 with engine V6 (1987 sm3 180 h.p. at 8000 rev/min; since 1969 - " 246 GT "-2418 sm3, 195 h.p. at 7600 rev/min). Precisely same, nonconventional for "Ferrari" motors stood on sports " Fiat Dino ".

The model 365GT4, or Berlinetta Boxer, 1971 of release, had many features racing аVтомобилей « a Ferrari: its(her) engine in working volume of 4,4 litres could accelerate momentum 275 km/h; it(he) has been located horizontally in the middle of a body, and the box of transfers for more rational use of internal volume of a body settled down under the motor. The chassis also made use of experience of racing machines(cars): a spatial tubular frame and steel panels of a body. On the basis of Ferrari 308GT4 elegant models with bodies «Пининфарина» were done(made); equipped by V-shaped 8-cylinder engines, they drew attention of buyers prior to the beginning of 80th years.

Having established(installed) horizontal 12-cylinder motor Boxer of racing model 512BB on Testarossa, the company has created the massive heavy machine(car) meeting the most exacting requirements as sportsmen-racers and «зведных» of clients. The bright bright design «Пининфарин» bore(carried) in itself quintessence of advertising spirit, and its(his) founder achieved not only spillovers: ridge lateral воздухоприемники, the imitators which have found set, served for submission of air in the lateral radiators which have replaced a forward radiator 512BB. Technical parameters of model also were faultless: five-liter engine Testarossa, with four valves on the cylinder, reached(achieved) capacity(power) 390 h.p., and its(his) maximal speed — 274 km/h.

In 1987 founder of company Entso of a Ferrari has headed collective of the designers who have prepared model F40, designated as « the sum of efforts of the company for years of its(her) existence ». Beginning F40 conducts from GTO 1984 and, at first sight, has much in common with Ferrari 308GTB, however has essential technical innovations: the turbo-supercharging, the V-shaped 8-cylinder engine longitudinal (instead of cross-section) the arrangements, established(installed) on the tubular frame strengthened by bearing(carrying) panels from кевлара, 478 h.p. — all speaks supercapacity(superpower) that former there was only a configuration. The body of this supermodel is executed from углеволокна and кевлара, and its(her) close interior quite answers sports essence of the machine(car): in it(her) there is no even a mechanism for adjustment of seats. Amazing characteristics and any comfort here the motto 1118-kilogram Ferrari F40: The rigid suspension bracket did not absorb road roughnesses, the rudder responded to each hollow, and the magnificent motor showed infinite power. Exacting, uncontrollably vigorous and attractive — last child of the founder of firm became such.

Cars of company " Ferrari ", with 1969 supervised ФИАТом, and with 1989 finally departed to corporation, are reputed as the most dear(expensive) in the world. Each of them is a legend.

In the autumn of 1992 in Paris was published high-power заднеприводное a sports compartment of classical configuration 456 GT/GTA. Design - Pininfarina. GTA - March 1996 (Geneva). ASR, the modernized body, a suspension bracket and interior (4 places) - March 1998, Geneva.

In May, 1994 there was F355, sports аVтомобиль a successor 348 GTB/GTS. The cheapest and popular model of firm. Design - Pininfarina. In the spring of 1995 has appeared Spider - a cabriolet. Berlinetta - a compartment, GTS - a compartment with a demountable rigid roof, F1-management of transmission as racing аVтомобиля. Phase-out Berlinetta/Targa - summer 1997.

550 Maranello successor Testarossa/512 is made on the basis of 456GT. Design - Pininfarina. A debut - on July, 20th 1996.

Model 360 Modena - successor F355 Berlinetta. Design - Pininfarina. Prime-minister took place in March, 1999 in Geneva. The beginning of sales - summer 1999.

On a motor show in Paris which will pass(take place) in September 2003 г, Italian firm Ferrari plans to show the most powerful in the Europe the serial machine(car). It is a question of special model " Энцо a Ferrari ". Occurrence of special model in honour of the well-known designer is called to remind аVтомобильному to the world of advanced design school Ferrari which convincingly proves to be true outstanding successes in Формуле-1. Double sports аVтомобиль it will be equipped by the 12-cylinder engine in volume of 6 litres and capacity(power) 650 h.p. Time of dispersal up to 100 km/h makes only 3,5 seconds, and the machine(car) is capable to overcome one kilometer for 19 seconds. The maximal speed " Энцо a Ferrari " - over 350 km/h. Design аVтомобиля has developed known кузовное studio Pininfarina. The model " Энцо a Ferrari " bears(carries) in itself features болидов Формулы-1 - the streamline case and narrow interior. Doors open upwards. All the major functions of management, including switching of transfers, are born(taken out) on a rudder. The car is equipped by a 6-step box, change of transfers is carried out by means of special keys on a rudder. It is supposed, that will be let out(be released) only 349 cars " Энцо a Ferrari ". The firm will offer their most true and known clients, naturally, under forward orderings. The price car will make a minimum of 500 thousand euro. The Internet a site: www.ferrari.com
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